USPTO Patent

{
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://developer.uspto.gov/schemas/patent",
  "title": "USPTO Patent",
  "description": "A United States Patent — either a pending application or granted patent",
  "type": "object",
  "properties": {
    "applicationNumber": {
      "type": "string",
      "description": "USPTO application number",
      "pattern": "^\\d{8}$",
      "examples": ["16123456"]
    },
    "patentNumber": {
      "type": ["string", "null"],
      "description": "Granted patent number (null for pending applications)",
      "examples": ["10234567", "D987654", "RE48000"]
    },
    "title": {
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Patent title as filed"
    },
    "abstract": {
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Abstract of the invention"
    },
    "filingDate": {
      "type": "string",
      "format": "date",
      "description": "Application filing date"
    },
    "publicationDate": {
      "type": ["string", "null"],
      "format": "date",
      "description": "Pre-grant publication date (18 months after filing for US applications)"
    },
    "grantDate": {
      "type": ["string", "null"],
      "format": "date",
      "description": "Patent grant date (null for pending applications)"
    },
    "expirationDate": {
      "type": ["string", "null"],
      "format": "date",
      "description": "Patent expiration date"
    },
    "status": {
      "type": "string",
      "enum": ["PENDING", "GRANTED", "ABANDONED", "EXPIRED"],
      "description": "Current prosecution status"
    },
    "patentType": {
      "type": "string",
      "enum": ["UTILITY", "DESIGN", "PLANT", "REISSUE"],
      "description": "Type of patent"
    },
    "inventors": {
      "type": "array",
      "description": "Named inventors on the patent",
      "items": {
        "$ref": "#/$defs/Inventor"
      }
    },
    "assignees": {
      "type": "array",
      "description": "Current assignees/owners of the patent",
      "items": {
        "$ref": "#/$defs/Assignee"
      }
    },
    "cpcClassifications": {
      "type": "array",
      "description": "Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) codes",
      "items": {
        "$ref": "#/$defs/Classification"
      }
    },
    "claims": {
      "type": "array",
      "description": "Patent claims defining the scope of protection",
      "items": {
        "$ref": "#/$defs/Claim"
      }
    },
    "priorityClaims": {
      "type": "array",
      "description": "Priority applications (continuation, PCT, provisional)",
      "items": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "type": {
            "type": "string",
            "enum": ["CONTINUATION", "CONTINUATION_IN_PART", "DIVISIONAL", "PROVISIONAL", "PCT", "FOREIGN"]
          },
          "applicationNumber": {
            "type": "string"
          },
          "country": {
            "type": "string"
          },
          "filingDate": {
            "type": "string",
            "format": "date"
          }
        }
      }
    },
    "citations": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "References cited in the patent",
      "properties": {
        "patentCitations": {
          "type": "array",
          "items": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "patentNumber": {"type": "string"},
              "country": {"type": "string"},
              "citedBy": {
                "type": "string",
                "enum": ["APPLICANT", "EXAMINER"]
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "nonPatentCitations": {
          "type": "array",
          "items": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "reference": {"type": "string"},
              "citedBy": {
                "type": "string",
                "enum": ["APPLICANT", "EXAMINER"]
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "required": ["applicationNumber", "title", "filingDate", "status", "patentType"],
  "$defs": {
    "Inventor": {
      "type": "object",
      "properties": {
        "firstName": {"type": "string"},
        "lastName": {"type": "string"},
        "city": {"type": "string"},
        "state": {"type": "string"},
        "country": {"type": "string", "pattern": "^[A-Z]{2}$"}
      },
      "required": ["lastName"]
    },
    "Assignee": {
      "type": "object",
      "properties": {
        "name": {"type": "string"},
        "entityType": {
          "type": "string",
          "enum": ["INDIVIDUAL", "COMPANY", "UNIVERSITY", "GOVERNMENT"]
        },
        "city": {"type": "string"},
        "state": {"type": "string"},
        "country": {"type": "string"}
      },
      "required": ["name"]
    },
    "Classification": {
      "type": "object",
      "properties": {
        "code": {
          "type": "string",
          "description": "Classification code",
          "examples": ["H04W 4/021", "G06F 21/10"]
        },
        "description": {"type": "string"},
        "classificationType": {
          "type": "string",
          "enum": ["CPC", "USPC", "IPC"],
          "default": "CPC"
        }
      },
      "required": ["code"]
    },
    "Claim": {
      "type": "object",
      "properties": {
        "claimNumber": {
          "type": "integer",
          "minimum": 1
        },
        "claimType": {
          "type": "string",
          "enum": ["INDEPENDENT", "DEPENDENT"]
        },
        "dependsOn": {
          "type": "integer",
          "description": "Claim number this claim depends on (for dependent claims)"
        },
        "claimText": {
          "type": "string",
          "description": "Full text of the claim"
        }
      },
      "required": ["claimNumber", "claimType", "claimText"]
    }
  }
}