EU Open Data Portal Dataset (DCAT-AP)

{
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "$id": "https://api-evangelist.github.io/eu-open-data-portal/json-schema/eu-open-data-portal-dataset-schema.json",
  "title": "EU Open Data Portal Dataset (DCAT-AP)",
  "description": "JSON Schema for an EU Open Data Portal dataset following the DCAT-AP 2.1 metadata standard. Used for describing datasets published by EU institutions and member states.",
  "type": "object",
  "properties": {
    "id": {
      "type": "string",
      "format": "uri",
      "description": "Unique dataset URI identifier"
    },
    "title": {
      "type": "object",
      "additionalProperties": { "type": "string" },
      "description": "Multilingual title (ISO 639-1 language code to string)",
      "examples": [{ "en": "EU Budget 2023", "fr": "Budget UE 2023" }]
    },
    "description": {
      "type": "object",
      "additionalProperties": { "type": "string" },
      "description": "Multilingual description"
    },
    "issued": {
      "type": "string",
      "format": "date-time",
      "description": "Date of formal issuance of the dataset"
    },
    "modified": {
      "type": "string",
      "format": "date-time",
      "description": "Most recent date on which the dataset was changed"
    },
    "publisher": {
      "$ref": "#/$defs/Publisher"
    },
    "contactPoint": {
      "$ref": "#/$defs/ContactPoint"
    },
    "theme": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string",
        "format": "uri"
      },
      "description": "Dataset themes from the EU Data Theme vocabulary (http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/data-theme/)"
    },
    "keyword": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "type": "string" },
      "description": "Free-text keywords describing the dataset"
    },
    "language": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "type": "string" },
      "description": "Language(s) of the dataset content (ISO 639-1)"
    },
    "spatial": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string",
        "format": "uri"
      },
      "description": "Geographic coverage as URIs from EU country/place vocabulary"
    },
    "temporal": {
      "$ref": "#/$defs/TemporalCoverage"
    },
    "accrualPeriodicity": {
      "type": "string",
      "format": "uri",
      "description": "Update frequency URI from EU frequency vocabulary"
    },
    "license": {
      "type": "string",
      "format": "uri",
      "description": "License under which the dataset is published"
    },
    "accessRights": {
      "type": "string",
      "enum": ["PUBLIC", "RESTRICTED", "NON_PUBLIC"],
      "description": "Access rights classification"
    },
    "conformsTo": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "type": "string",
        "format": "uri"
      },
      "description": "Standards or specifications the dataset conforms to"
    },
    "distributions": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": { "$ref": "#/$defs/Distribution" },
      "description": "Available distributions (download files, API endpoints) for this dataset"
    }
  },
  "required": ["id", "title"],
  "$defs": {
    "Publisher": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "Entity responsible for publishing the dataset",
      "properties": {
        "id": {
          "type": "string",
          "format": "uri",
          "description": "Publisher URI from the EU corporate body authority table"
        },
        "name": {
          "type": "object",
          "additionalProperties": { "type": "string" },
          "description": "Multilingual publisher name"
        },
        "type": {
          "type": "string",
          "description": "Publisher type URI"
        }
      },
      "required": ["id"]
    },
    "ContactPoint": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "Contact information for the dataset (vCard-based)",
      "properties": {
        "fn": {
          "type": "string",
          "description": "Full name of the contact"
        },
        "hasEmail": {
          "type": "string",
          "description": "Email address (may be prefixed with 'mailto:')"
        },
        "hasURL": {
          "type": "string",
          "format": "uri",
          "description": "Contact web page URL"
        }
      }
    },
    "TemporalCoverage": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "Temporal period covered by the dataset",
      "properties": {
        "startDate": {
          "type": "string",
          "format": "date",
          "description": "Start date of temporal coverage"
        },
        "endDate": {
          "type": "string",
          "format": "date",
          "description": "End date of temporal coverage (may be null for ongoing datasets)"
        }
      }
    },
    "Distribution": {
      "type": "object",
      "description": "A specific representation of a dataset (file download, API service, etc.)",
      "properties": {
        "id": {
          "type": "string",
          "format": "uri"
        },
        "title": {
          "type": "object",
          "additionalProperties": { "type": "string" }
        },
        "description": {
          "type": "object",
          "additionalProperties": { "type": "string" }
        },
        "accessURL": {
          "type": "string",
          "format": "uri",
          "description": "URL providing access to the distribution"
        },
        "downloadURL": {
          "type": "string",
          "format": "uri",
          "description": "Direct download URL for the distribution file"
        },
        "format": {
          "type": "string",
          "format": "uri",
          "description": "File format from EU file type vocabulary"
        },
        "mediaType": {
          "type": "string",
          "description": "IANA media type (e.g., 'text/csv', 'application/json')"
        },
        "byteSize": {
          "type": "integer",
          "minimum": 0,
          "description": "File size in bytes"
        },
        "issued": {
          "type": "string",
          "format": "date-time"
        },
        "modified": {
          "type": "string",
          "format": "date-time"
        },
        "license": {
          "type": "string",
          "format": "uri"
        },
        "conformsTo": {
          "type": "array",
          "items": {
            "type": "string",
            "format": "uri"
          }
        }
      },
      "required": ["accessURL"]
    }
  }
}